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                <text>Memories from Heather Normand (née Beaver) </text>
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                <text>March 2015</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>1853 - 1984</text>
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                <text>Families and Businesses/B [File 6, Archive Box 106]&#13;
Reminiscences [Archive Box 110]</text>
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        <name>Eglington</name>
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        <name>Eke</name>
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        <name>Gooch</name>
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                    <text>Christmas Memories
To be woken at midnight to the sound of carols sung by the Salvation Army at the
front door is something that is not heard today and has not been heard for many
years. But for a little girl back in the early 1900s it was a familiar beginning to
Christmas day.
Christmas time for her was being sent home on the last day of school clutching an
apple, orange and a few nuts, roasting chestnuts on an open fire and decorating a
small Christmas tree.
For her parents it was a busy time in the shop, an ironmongers and corn store. They
were open until 9.15 pm Christmas Eve, with many people calling in for last-minute
purchases.
Many tramps were also a familiar sight, a sign of hard times for some. One snowy
Christmas night a family of tramps appeared, snow covered, at the front door,
seeking shelter in the Lodging House in Back Street. Father gave them a shilling for a
night’s stay and away they went to find their beds.
Christmas morning arrived and Father Christmas had left a stocking and a pillow slip
at the foot of the bed. Once the stocking containing an apple, orange, nuts, sweets
and a cracker was disposed of, the main presents were opened. This typically
consisted of mechanical toys, a doll, often new slippers, always books and a bound
magazine of “Girls Realm” or “Chatterbox”.
Presents brought from relatives and friends were always opened in front of the fire
on Christmas Eve, leaving the following morning for family presents.
Once breakfast was finished on Christmas morning, a walk to the railway station was
a must, to meet the only train running that day upon which Uncle travelled. He
owned a butcher’s shop so therefore could not leave with Aunt on Christmas Eve.
A traditional dinner for eight of turkey and plum pudding containing threepenny and
sixpenny pieces, was enjoyed by all. There were always crackers, and the best china
and glasses were used. Special occasions deserved the best.
Later in the day after a supper of cold turkey, parlour games were played. Without
TV and radio, you had to find your own amusements. A piano was an important part
of this with everyone taking turns to sing around it. Games such as “How, When and
Where”, “Subject and Object”, “I’ve Got a Basket” and the “Parsons Cat” were a few
among many played, pausing only for home-made lemonade for the children and
wine for the grown-ups. Dishes of fruit, mixed nuts and almonds with muscatel
raisins were always served.
Bedtime came late, 10 o’clock, when a very happy, tired girl snuggled down after a
long, exciting day.

�Boxing Day began with the church bells ringing, muffled in remembrance of St
Stephen. Later in the day hand-bell ringers would visit each home to entertain the
people.
A week later, the church bells would ring the Old Year out and the New Year in.
Something not heard in Reepham for over 70 years but remembered still as a very
special occasion by a little girl of 10 years old.
Memories from an interview by Val Davey with Marjorie Gibbs, 23 November 1987,
published in The Reepham Magazine, Winter 1987

�</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>A4 PDF, 2 pages</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1987</text>
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                <text>Memories of Christmas in Reepham from an interview with Marjorie Gibbs on 23 November 1987</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16324">
                <text>Interview by Val Davey; scanned and edited by Geoff Fiaher</text>
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                <text>The Reepham Magazine, Winter 1987</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16326">
                <text>Reepham Society</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16327">
                <text>M-TEC Computer Services</text>
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                    <text>Town Map 1994

GB/REE/2208131024

�Draft copy originally from 1980

�</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="13339">
                  <text>Reepham, Directories and Town Guides</text>
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                <text>GB/REE/2208131024</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13365">
                <text>A4 thin pink card&#13;
A3 thin paper ; delicate</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13366">
                <text>Local History/Town Guides [File 10, Archive Box 110]&#13;
Maps [File 123]</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13370">
                <text>Reepham Norfolk Town Map issued to celebrate the 75th Anniversary Year of the Bircham Centre.  These maps were sold in aid of the  Bircham Centre Restoration Fund for 15p each. &#13;
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Earlier original map from 1980, A4 size and sold in the Bircham Centre. Additional information added to make a draft for the later version.</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>JB 2022</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17336">
                <text>J Betts</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="3951">
                  <text>Information relating to the use of Hackford House &amp; Reepham Town Hall as a Red Cross/VAD Hospital during WWI plus photographs of troops assembling/parading in Reepham Market Place.&#13;
&#13;
Many of these images were used in the Reepham Archive Exhibition in 2014. The display boards are shown in the RA Exhibition Collection.</text>
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                <text>Reepham Society&#13;
RS Database 634</text>
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Whitwell Common
Record of flowers &amp; insects present on the common in July 2017.

�</text>
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                <text>Donated by A Middlemas</text>
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                <text>Tinware made by James Wasey</text>
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                <text>James Wasey</text>
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assorted sizes</text>
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                <text>See other items in Box 56</text>
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                <text>Reepham Society&#13;
Marjorie Gibbs</text>
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                <text>5 items :- 1 cake tin 155mm dia x 75mm deep&lt;br /&gt;1 small rectangular shovel (for cooking?)&lt;br /&gt;1 rounded shovel 145mm x 55mm x 70mm&lt;br /&gt;1 small funnel 75mm dia x 127mm, small triangular hook on rim&lt;br /&gt;1 small funnel 65mm dia x 116mm&lt;br /&gt;The cake tin is labelled &lt;em&gt;'Example of Tin Smith's work by James Wasey of Reepham. Employed by F. Randell &amp;amp; Son'.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                    <text>Let's Celebrate!
A selection of images from Reepham Archive showing
various occasions when the town celebrated a special
event, not exclusively connected to royalty.
The series begins with Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee
in 1887.
Other royal connections have included a visit by Queen
Mary in 1945, and a very early record in 1865 of a visit by
Edward Prince of Wales, Queen Victoria's son, who
became King Edward VII in 1901.
Compiled by Reepham Archive May 2022

RA/JDA/2022

�Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee

RA/JDA/2022

1887

�Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee

1897

The morning broke with every prospect of a lovely day.
Services were held at the Wesleyan Chapel and also at the Hackford &amp;
Whitwell churches. A detachment of the E Company Norfolk Volunteer
Rifles, under Captain Collyer, fired a feu de joie in the Market Place.
Feu de joie :- Soldiers are lined up &amp; fire blank rounds into the air sequentially in rapid
succession, producing a "rat-tat-tat" effect.

By the kindness of Mr. J. J. Bishop of Kerdiston House, Reepham school
children were provided with a hot dinner &amp; tea. About 2 p.m., the Hackford
&amp; Whitwell school children with their teachers assembled in the market &amp;
sang some special hymns. Later there were sports on Mr. Brownsell's lawn
followed by a substantial tea.
Norfolk News 26 June 1897

RA/JDA/2022

�Reepham's Velvet Ale

1865

In 1865 the Prince and Princess of Wales – the future King Edward VII &amp; Queen
Alexandra - made a visit to Gunton Park, the country home of Lord Suffield.
Returning to Sandringham the carriages were stopped, in order to change the horses at
the King's Arms Hotel in Reepham.

Whilst the horses were being changed, Lord Suffield
introduced Mr. Bircham to the Prince of Wales. His
Royal Highness was presented with a tankard of the
'Velvet Ale', for which Reepham has so long been
celebrated.
The Prince so much approved of the ale that he
expressed a wish to have more of it forwarded to
Sandringham.

RA/JDA/2022

�Come to Tea !
1935

An invitation to tea in the Sun Hotel Extension
Room to celebrate the Silver Jubilee of
George V &amp; Queen Mary in 1935.

RA/JDA/2022

�George V &amp; Queen Mary

Silver Jubilee

1935

George Cocking &amp; his wife outside his
shop in the Market Place.
(now Bay Tree Interiors)
RA/JDA/2022

�th

Coronation of George VI

May 12 1937

RA/JDA/2022

�Queen Mary visits Reepham

1945

RA/JDA/2022

�Reepham Shopping Week

1950

A few days of festivities to lighten the mood in 1950 when most things were still
on ration &amp; queues were a way of life.
RA/JDA/2022

�Reepham Shopping Week

1950

Festivities included decorated forms of
every kind of transport beginning with a
grand parade through the town.

RA/JDA/2022

�Reepham Shopping Week

1950

Part of the grand parade passing Gibbs shop
RA/JDA/2022

�Coronation Day

1953
Allen's Coaches made two buses
available to transport people into
Reepham.
One was for Brandiston &amp; Booton,
the second for Kerdiston, Pettywell &amp;
Whitwell.
The first pick-up in Kerdiston was at
Mr. Wagg's Corner.

RA/JDA/2022

�Coronation Day Events

Coronation Day itself began with a service In
St. Mary's.
Rain did its best to spoil the day's celebrations
and events were frequently interrupted by
rain.
At 2 o'clock Stimpson's Piece was the setting
for a fancy dress parade followed by an
afternoon of sports events,
A children's tea at the Sun Hall was in two
sittings with children asked to bring their own
spoon!
RA/JDA/2022

1953

�Cover &amp; Picture from Children's Souvenir Book 1953

RA/JDA/2022

�Cover &amp; Portrait from Official Programme

RA/JDA/2022

1953

�Coronation Souvenirs

1953

RA/JDA/2022

�Strawberry Fayre

1975

A Royal British Legion event with the
promise of an appearance by
Lady Godiva, a stage coach hold-up
&amp; a tussle between Roundheads &amp;
Cavaliers.

RA/JDA/2022

�Queen Elizabeth II

Silver Jubilee 1977

Station Stores
decorated with
bunting, flags &amp;
souvenirs.

(now The Cutting
Station)
RA/JDA/2022

�Ben Stimpson meets the Queen
at the Norfolk Show

RA/JDA/2022

1986

�Reepham Gala

1991

Nancy Taylor
&amp;
Billy the Clown
RA/JDA/2022

�Reepham Gala
In the rain!
1992

Pram Race

1990
RA/JDA/2022

�Charter Day
1998
The Lord of the Manor of
Hackford, Sir John de
Vaux, obtained a charter
to hold a weekly market
and annual fair in the fifth
year of Edward I, 1276-7,
making Reepham one of
the oldest market towns in
Norfolk.
RA/JDA/2022

�The Millennium banner being rescued by
the Fire Brigade!

RA/JDA/2022

�Queen's Diamond Jubilee

2012
3 June 2012
Bring &amp; Share Lunch
in the Town Hall
4 June 2012
Traditional Village Fete
at Stimpson's Piece
4 June 2012
Barbecue &amp; Bar
at the Scout Field
Lighting of the Beacon

RA/JDA/2022
RA/JDA/2022

�Modern celebrations
Reepham continues to find occasions to gather and celebrate :• Festival of Light in December
• Food Festival
• Summer Music Festival
• Classic Car &amp; Bike Festival
Now in 2022, as well as numerous events to celebrate the
Platinum Jubilee, the food &amp; the music festivals are back!

RA/JDA/2022

�Reepham Classic Cars &amp; Bikes Show

RA/JDA/2022

�Festival of Light

RA/JDA/2022

�Reepham Music Festival Returns in August 2022

RA/JDA/2022

�Reepham Food Festival returns in May 2022

RA/JDA/2022

�Let's Celebrate Compiled by Reepham Archive
RA/JDA/2022

�</text>
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                <text>"Let's Celebrate!"&#13;
A presentation to commemorate the Platinum Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II.&#13;
Selection of items from Reepham Archive describing various celebrations not solely connected to royalty. Many photographs appear as separate items on the website. A display was set up in the Bircham Centre during Jubilee Week and was supplemented with a Powerpoint type slide show.</text>
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                    <text>A brief history of Hackford parish through the last millennium
By Jennifer Roberts
Jennifer Roberts lives in Pettywell and has been there now for several years. She is a
qualified archaeologist. Though no longer practising that discipline she has a deep
interest in local history. She is another of our authors who has completed a local
history course under the aegis of Chris Barringer. This article is the result of the
research carried out on her course and since. The view from a slightly different
standpoint, that of Hackford, gives new details about the history of Reepham and its
satellite villages.
Hackford-by-Reepham is one of the three parishes sharing the communal churchyard
in Reepham. The parish includes most of the town of Reepham and land on either
side of the Eyn Brook. It is possible that the boundaries of the parish were
determined by the heath and common on either side but this is by no means certain.
It is possible that the name Hackford was derived from haca, a hook, or hoecc, a
flood or sluice gate. “Ford” is Anglo-Saxon for river crossing. The name then could
either mean a “ford at the bend of the river” or “the sluice gate (for catching fish) at
the ford”.
At the turn of the last millennium, just before the Norman Conquest the principal
lordship of Hackford was held by a freeman called Wither. It is possible that
Reepham was at the centre of a large Anglo-Saxon estate. After the Norman
Conquest it was given to Earl William de Warrene, just one of the 139 manors he
held. Although William de Warrene resided frequently at nearby Castle Acre, at the
time of the Domesday survey the manor of Hackford was held by a person called
Turold. There were few inhabitants, probably only 17 or 18 families lived in the area.
The land was farmed, some was put down as meadow but cereals must have been
grown as there was a mill. Honey and wax were important products. Beeswax was
used for church candles, and it was the tradition for beekeepers to supply their local
church. Hackford at that time had five skeps of bees. It had woodland able to support
30 swine. Sheep, rounceys (horses) and cattle were also kept. There was a church
supported by 11 acres of land. It was valued at 15 marks. The manor passed through
William de Warrene’s heirs for the next 200 years.
in 1276/7 a Saturday market and annual fair charter was granted to Sir John de Vaux,
who owned both the manors of Hackford and Reepham. An unofficial market had
existed in the “cemetery of Reepham” for many years before the Bishop of Norwich,
in 1240, ordered the Sheriff of Norfolk to ensure that a new market place was found.
The market was held on Saturdays, with a fair on the “eve, day and morrow” of the
feast of Saints Peter and Paul (29th June). The present market place lies in the parish
of Hackford, but it is not known if this was the site decided on in the 13th century.

�By the following century, the de Roos family held land in Hackford, probably as
tenants of the de Warrenes. A few years later they are mentioned as being the
holders of the knight’s fees and paying returns to the Duchy of Lancaster.
Some of the local inhabitants during medieval times must have been fairly rich for
the church of All Saints had a collection of rich vestments, communion ware and
church ornaments, including silver chalices, a portable cross and a holy oil vessel. The
vestments included some made from worsted, fusteyn (fustian) and velvet and silk.
Margaret and Ralph Vernon, Hackford landowners, were possibly some of the major
benefactors during the later part of the 14th century.
During that century several of the Hackford residents stood surety, along with
citizens of other parishes, to locals who were in trouble with the law. Brice of
Hackford stood surety when Agnes Renandgo and her sister Emma were released on
bail after being arrested for the murder of Richard Brightman at Billingford. A
Richard of Hackford also stood surety in a murder case when Robert of Holden was
accused of robbing and killing Henry of Clermont. Other 14th century crimes include
robbery. One night William Rillo had one quarter-and-a-half of barley, worth 5/-,
stolen from him. A Roger Willok was charged but acquitted for the offence.
Some information about the medieval inhabitants of Reepham and Hackford parish
can be gleaned from the old wills. For instance in 1429 Robert Baxter, a citizen of
Norwich, is mentioned as owning lands in Hackford. Fifty years later Hugh atte Fenn
made a will leaving 6/8d towards the upkeep of the church. He also left money, to be
obtained from the sale of his lands and manors in Hackford, to help scholars at
Cambridge and Oxford as long as they were not wasters and haunters of alehouses.
William Cubit, the rector, in a will dated 1505, gave to the town and the church of
Hackford a drinking house with two acres of land to have a yearly obituary kept in
the church. He also mentioned that the guilds and “drinkings” of all the four parishes,
i.e., Hackford, Whitwell, Reepham and Kerdiston, be kept there if they desired it. In a
will dated a few years later John Goddying gave 6/8d towards the making of a chapel
in the south part of the church if one happened to be erected there. If not, the
money was to go to the upkeep of the church.
In 1543 a fire burnt down most of All Saints, the parish church of Hackford, along
with its church goods, ornaments and jewels. The fire also destroyed most of the
town.
The tower and parts of the west gable were the only parts of the church that
survived. They were pulled down in 1790/6. It is, however, possible that a part of the
gable can be seen in the tower of St Michael’s. A drawing in 1784 by E.F. Boon shows
that the surviving tower had a chequerboard parapet and diagonal buttresses. The

�south wall of the tower had a square sound hole and the porch an elaborate
doorway.
As a result of the fire, Hackford parish lost its independence and was joined with
Whitwell. On 18th April 1544, an agreement was made between Robert Coke, owner
of the fee simple of the church of Whitwell, Christopher Lockwode, clerk, parson of
Hackford and vicar of Whitwell, and Thomas Bayfield, William Brese and John
Blofield, parishioners of Hackford, that the church and rectory of Hackford was to be
consolidated with Whitwell by William, Bishop of Norwich. According to this
indenture all the parties were in agreement. However, some of the parishioners
obviously intended that the church should be rebuilt. One, Anthony Sugate,
bequeathed 20 marks (1 mark = 13/4d or 66.6p) towards its rebuilding. Some of the
surviving church plate was sold in 1547 for £20, probably to stop the ministers of
Edward VI getting their hands on it. Some of the church materials were used to
repair roads in the parish and some were used to build the transept in Whitwell
church.
During the reign of Elizabeth I each parish had to provide a militia. The parish was
involved in a muster in 1577. An inventory was taken of “all Common Armor, Artelery
munition and weponne and every ptecular pson shewed”. It was found that the town
had “one Corselet, one peke, too Curreors et Dom furnished”(!). Three people were
also able to support arms. Vynse Hawude, Thomas Crotche and Roger Hase were
able to furnish a few bows and arrows, pikes and helmets between them.
The Bishop’s court had some dealings with local drunks. John Twithney and Henry
Bagrave were brought before the Bishop’s representative on a charge of being
common drunks. Henry Bagrave, who swore and resisted arrest later, confessed to
being drunk every day of the week and was ordered to do penance.
Around this time the inhabitants were having problems with a person called Robert
Kirk. It seems he was extracting money from the people as fines and then keeping it
for his own use. The parishioners paid him 6/- as payment for a fine for not planting
hemp. A Thomas Croche then paid him 2/6d and then swore on “his book” to make a
payment of 5/- yearly. Mr Berte, “Gent”, also agreed to pay Kirk 5/- a year for all
years to come. Nathaniel Bacon set up an enquiry into Kirk’s misdeeds but the
outcome of this appears to be lost.
Hackford gained some notoriety during the Commonwealth when the parish refused
to billet a party of troops because the commanding officer referred to the parish as
Reepham instead of Hackford. At the same time the parish was paying £3.3s.10d per
month towards the upkeep of troops and the furnishing of ammunition for the
Royalist cause. As in Elizabeth’s time, the inhabitants were expected to attend

�musters. Hackford men formed a Foot Militia under Sir W. Doylys, which mustered
at Heydon Ollands on 24th September 1661 to be inspected.
During the 17th century, weavers in Hackford, as in many of the local parishes,
supplied worsted. During 1657 Henry Juby, a local worsted weaver, must have been
having a period of prosperity. Surviving records show that he took on several
apprentices: Matthew Bale, Roger Hammond and John Humfrey were indented for
seven years while a John Crotch was indented for eight years.
The social make-up of the parish changed during the next 100 years. The worsted
weavers gradually disappeared, a result of cheap products from Yorkshire, and
tanning became important as a local industry. The tanners were wealthy enough as a
group to make wills. There was also an increase in the number of shops and
professionals in the parish. Grocers, bakers, brewers, a surgeon and an excise officer
were all wealthy enough to make wills.
The provision of services increased rapidly so by the middle of the next century the
inhabitants of Reepham and Hackford were well provided for. The town of Reepham
had all the services that would be expected from a local market town. All needs were
catered for, ranging from the people supplying the local brewing and malting
industry with barrels, to those who made hats and dresses for the local female
population. The town was well served by bakers, butchers, grocers, confectioners,
cabinetmakers, gardeners and drapers. There was even a hairdresser. The parish was
also served by a number of inns and taverns, most in the town but at least one, the
Lamb Beer House, stood in the countryside. Links with Norwich, and thence the
outside world, were maintained by a coach and carrier service.
Local people believed it was the purity of the water which led to the excellence of
the local ales. Although there were several brewers and maltsters in the parish, the
Birchams were the major producers, so much so that when they were bought out in
1878, they had 50 associated pubs. In the parish generally though there was very
little industrial activity. Like the worsted weavers of previous centuries, tanning also
seemed to have disappeared from the parish, although there were tanneries in the
local area.
At the beginning of the 19th century the poor children of Hackford were reported to
have been receiving a sufficient education. They attended a mix of Sunday school,
evening school and day school. In 1837, however, the Rev. Holley established a
school in the Old Poor House consisting of a boys’ school and a girls’ school and a
house where the schoolmasters and mistresses could live. By 1844 the rector’s
daughter had begun to hold a Sunday school in the school building. These were
church schools for the children of Hackford and Whitwell. The children of Reepham
parish had to wait until 1847 when St Mary’s School was set up. An inspector’s report

�in 1869 said the National School was conducted in a highly satisfactory manner. The
Methodists had also set up a schoolroom when they built the chapel in 1817.
Goodwin Kilburn had run a day and boarding school in Reepham since 1836, when in
1846 he decided to sell up and emigrate. A Mrs Woolmer also ran a school for girls.
The pauper children received an education in the workhouse. The poor Hackford
children at this time went to Buxton. Their education must have been a somewhat
patchy one for there seems to have been a problem in keeping and finding suitable
mistresses.
A Poor House had existed in Reepham for the inhabitants of Hackford for many
years, but, by the 1840s, the poor of Reepham and Hackford were sent to the
Aylsham Union Workhouse,1 which also included the old Gilbert Union workhouses
at Buxton and Oulton until the new workhouse was built in 1849. Hackford parish
paid around £100 annually towards the cost of housing its paupers. Some of the
older inhabitants were receiving outdoor relief, which allowed them to live in their
own homes. This came to around 2/6d per week. There were also several charities,
which provided relief by paying out money for emigration and for people who had
sudden illnesses and accidents. Most of the charity payouts were under the control
of William Bircham.
In April 1846 smallpox made its appearance in Hackford and the workhouse medical
officer was asked to vaccinate the inhabitants. They protested. The outbreak
continued and by October it had been decided to give extra money so all in the
Reepham area could be vaccinated.
Life must have been miserable for the poor of Reepham and Hackford, with the
majority living in little more than hovels. However, the more able poor and the
lower-middle classes were able to emigrate to a better life in the colonies. Goodwin
Kilburn, the schoolmaster, is an example of this trend. He was 36, married with two
small children, when he put the following advert in the Norfolk Chronicle. He was not
the only local to emigrate between 1836−1842. The St Stephen’s charity had paid for
some people in Reepham to go to America and it also paid for a Widow Beales to go
to Ireland.

Union workhouses served a “union” of parishes and these larger workhouses replaced the smaller
parish workhouses.

1

�[Errata: Transcription of the newspaper entry regarding Goodwin Kilburn should read
“to a distant county” not “country”.]

In common with the rest of Norfolk, by the 19th century Hackford was celebrated for
the growth of its barley. Other crops grown included turnips, peas and beans, clover
and wheat. A certain amount was kept under grass, especially by the river and
stream margins. Stock keeping was also important and provided some local
employment in the form of drovers, tanners and cattle dealers. The annual stock fair
continued to take place on 29th June. In 1804 William Bircham, who farmed 840
acres of the parish, was the major landowner. He improved his soil by marling and
liming, used a six-year rotation but did not have any of the new threshing or drill
machines. By 1846 the major landowners included the Rev. J. Bedingfeld Collyer,
who owned 182 acres and resided at Hackford Hall, the Rev. J. Humphrey, who
owned 144 acres, and John Sewell, who farmed 108 acres. Most of the land seemed
to be farmed by small tenant farmers. Hackford escaped the wholesale destruction
of machinery and property, which the rest of Norfolk suffered during the Swing Riots.

�Maybe this was because the small tenant farmers could only afford to farm in the
traditional way.
By the 19th century around 23% of the local population were employed in
agriculture on a permanent basis, although many more were employed doing
seasonal work. Children were able to earn as much as 5d a day bird scaring, while
gangs of women were employed hoeing, planting beans and thinning turnips. Many
of the local clergymen were concerned for the morality and welfare of the fieldworking women especially as the gang masters were “rough bullying fellows who
would bluster and swear”. A number of Hackford women, once the fieldwork was
done, earned a few more pence by weaving straw hats. In 1804 a farm labourer
would earn 1/6d daily rising to 4/6d at harvest.
During the last millennium Hackford has been an essentially rural parish dependent
on the small market town of Reepham for its infrastructure. This has remained
largely unchanged although recent changes in mobility have brought Norwich and
the wider world into commuting distance, thereby bringing new sources of money
into the parish.
From the Reepham Society Magazine, Millennium Edition, April 2001

Land use in Hackford 1846 (based on the Tithe Apportionment Map).

�An aerial view of Reepham’s three churches. The last remnant of Hackford church can
just be seen at the right of the clump of yews. The photograph can be dated by some
differences from a present-day view. For instance, York House (top left) can be seen in
the process of restoration in the background.

�Hackford Hall. In 1846, at the time of the Tithe Apportionments, this was home to the
Venerable John Bedingfield Collyer, Archdeacon of Norwich.

�Pettywell Place, now lived in by Howard and Margaret Blandford-Baker, was formerly
owned by the Eglington family. In 1846 it was owned by John Sewell but occupied by
Margaret Rodham.

This plaque adorns the wall in the yard of the Old Brewery. It marks the site of the
former Bircham’s Brewery erected by William Bircham in 1839.

�There was no piped water supply to Reepham until the 1950s. This well, which has
now been restored, also in the Old Brewery yard, was the source of water for the
brewing of Reepham Ale until 1876.

�</text>
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                <text>A brief history of Hackford parish through the last millennium</text>
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                <text>An in-depth research paper on the history of Hackford parish from 1000 AD. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Refer to GB/REE/2103301155 for an explanation of the sketches of All Saints.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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Many of these images were used in the Reepham Archive Exhibition in 2014. The display boards are shown in the RA Exhibition Collection.</text>
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To the Parishioners of Hackford &amp; Whitwell

����</text>
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