9 20 1030 https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/02dc952ea503f7bc23f33a00876b1ecc.pdf aaa9adae27a558b1e04a8fd0dac80f9e PDF Text Text Brickmaking in Reepham Like many of its neighbouring towns and villages in Norfolk, Reepham has through the centuries inherited a richness of buildings many of which survive today and hopefully with the benefit of the Reepham Conservation Area they will stand for generations to come. They may not stand out so majestically as the two churches or some of the larger buildings such as Whitwell Hall or Hackford Hall but they are now regarded with the same level of importance and rightly so. They have an individuality of their own and as such they form a very natural part of our town. This individuality is probably due to the fact that nothing but local materials were used. In previous times, transport to move the required items other than short local distances was extremely limited, unlike recent years when a great variety of building materials has been brought into Reepham by the easy availability of transport. However, has this choice, and the large number of additional properties built, added or detracted from the overall charm of living in this rural market town? Most people would feel that the solid use for so long of local materials and the recent use of a much wider range have jointly helped develop Reepham into a place of some character. While brick is generally considered to be the main building material in Norfolk, the three traditional materials of clay, flint and carstone have been extensively used, and these along with a number of minor ones have all played their part in the centuriesold construction of buildings in Norfolk. They have all given their own individual character to the houses in which they were used. Not all these materials were used in this area as there was none locally available, notably carstone. There are examples in the Reepham area of the use of materials which are no longer in favour as suitable for building. Weatherboarding is the style of finishing off woodframed buildings externally with horizontal courses of boarding, with one board being lapped an inch or so over the one beneath, and originally, they were finished with a coat of tar. This style of building found little favour in Norfolk except in farm buildings where it was frequently used. It was a quick and efficient way of erecting buildings and while it deteriorates if not looked after, there are a number of examples to be found in farms around the Reepham area. Weatherboarding is to be found on the east-facing wall of the house on the corner of Ollands Road/Church Hill and on the renovated buildings in Reepham Moor just further up from the old Black Lion public house. Homes of half-timber work were built extensively from the Middle Ages and this method of building was reliant upon a good supply of timber and craftsmen who were well acquainted with this particular work. There are still a number of barns in �this area which display in their roofs the art of pinning together huge wooden beams and trusses but there are very few houses left which display this particular building art. Probably the best example in Reepham is a house in Back Street. This is a twostorey house which is timber-framed and plastered to the street side and brick to the rear; the main building dates from the 16th century. At this period in Reepham’s history Back Street was either the main road through Reepham or was the edge of a medieval market place which was probably much bigger than the present one. It is likely that most if not all the original houses along here were constructed in this halftimber work. Most people associate Norfolk with flint and it is used extensively for building particularly in the south-west and along the north and north-east of the county. It was not easily obtainable in the Reepham area although it is seen in a number of specific places in the town, notably the retaining wall built around the eastern edge of the Moor House and the wall on the southern end of Ollands Road (recently restored with the financial help of the Reepham Society). The buildings with the greatest amount of flint are of course the two churches of Reepham St Mary and Whitwell St Michael and the lower part of the churchyard wall along Back Street. Excavations were carried out in the grounds of Whitwell Hall in 1973 and some fine examples of medieval flint walling were uncovered, walls which were obviously part of a dwelling of some importance. There are two main materials left to consider and these were the most extensively used in this area: clay and brick. Originally, clay was used in a process known as wattle and daub and this was the main way of building the walls. It consisted of a timber framing with wattle sticks laced vertically and horizontally in between, which formed a key for clay mortar to be stuck on. The whole of the framing was generally plastered both inside and out and buildings of this construction have almost the same appearance as those built of clay lump. Clay lump was first used in Norfolk about 350 to 400 years ago and was still used as a housebuilding material by local builders up until 50 to 60 years ago. There are some good examples at Kerdiston, which were built for the district council in the 1920s. An old saying, “Give it a good hat and a stout pair of boots and it will last hundreds of years”, is attributed to a clay lump house. The “hat” is the huge overhanging eaves and the “boots” being the solid base of brick or flint, the base usually being tarred for additional protection. Sometimes the houses were built with a dripboard about halfway down the side walls which would divert rainwater away from the “boots”. �Clay was used because it was extensively available in this area, it only had to be dug out of the ground. There are many pits scattered around which testify to years of activity in extracting this material. The best example being the clay pits at Booton; these water-filled pits have a reputation for being very deep which indicate to the large amount of clay that was taken over a long period of rime. This would have all been hand dug, loaded into small carts and then transported to the required site. Anyone who has experienced digging out clay will appreciate how difficult the task was and these labourers were men of great strength, often renowned for their capacity to consume large amounts of liquid to appease the thirst that this work brought, particularly in the summer months. To make clay lump the clay would have been spread out in a thick layer and all stones which were larger than a walnut would have been removed. The clay would then have been watered and short straw, dried grass or sedge to act as a binding agent would have been spread over it and trodden in. This process was known as “puddling”. A horse or the labourers in their bare feet would have carried out the “puddling”, which broke up the natural fracture lines in the clay and so reduced its proneness to break-up by weathering. The clay was then put into wooden moulds or frames to form a block which was generally eighteen inches long by nine inches wide by six inches deep; these would have been used for the external walls. Blocks were made to the same length and depth but only six inches wide for the internal walls. The blocks were set on level ground for a few days and when sufficiently dry were turned up on end and taken to a platform where they were left to finally dry out. Depending upon the time of year this could take a month or two and often the blocks were formed throughout the winter for use the following spring. The clay lumps would then be built on a plinth of brickwork or flint-work by setting the lumps into clay mortar. The finished walls were then finished with a coat of clay slurry, topped with tar, then sanded and coloured. In other parts of Norfolk (particularly in the south) different colours were often used but in this area the houses were mainly white. The finishing coat had to be applied as quickly as possible after the wall was built as it was essential not to let water get into the clay lump as it would disintegrate very easily. On farm buildings (and sometimes on labourers’ cottages) the clay was often tarred. This made for a long-lasting, water-tight building but aesthetically it was not very pleasing; could anything have been gloomier to a poor farm labourer trudging back in the falling light than to go back to a black house? Covering the solid clay-lump building would have been a roof of pantiles or thatch. Pantiles would have been laid on Norfolk reed and hair mortar. Thatch always seems �the best covering for plaster walls and in this area good thatching straw, not reed, would have been used. Finally, we come to brick, the material that was used most extensively for building houses and farm buildings in this area. Brickwork was introduced into this country in Roman times but the art of brickmaking ceased after they left and it was not reintroduced until the Middle Ages when brickmaking was brought to East Anglia by the many Flemish weavers who settled here at this time. This area with its large pockets of suitable clay must have proved of great benefit to these immigrants who soon made and used bricks, a use that paralleled in growth with their increased prosperity. Bricks are made out of clay dug out of the ground and allowed to weather; it is moulded into shapes and then baked. The brick earth contains sand and clay and other ingredients including oxide of iron and lime; these two are the main colouring agents with the maximum amount of iron producing a dark rich red. This is the natural colour of bricks made from clay from this area. Reepham has a richness in buildings built of brick, not just in the older areas of the Market Place, Back Street and The Moor, but in most other areas of the town where the choice and use of brick reflects the now-past industry of brickmaking in Reepham. In the past most villages had a clamp or kiln, usually situated next to a ready source of clay, from which bricks were produced. Marshall Howard, a builder in Cawston, operated a large kiln on the outskirts of the village until after the Second World War and brickmaking was practised in Foulsham until the early part of this century Reepham seems to have had two main places of brickmaking, the first one in Kerdiston. It is known that there was a thriving brick-building business here throughout the nineteenth century and probably throughout the previous century also. There is a farm here called Brick Kiln Farm and the field directly opposite is shown on the 1846 tithe map as “Brick Kiln Pightle”. It also shows the outline of a number of buildings which on the first O.S. map of the area in 1886 are shown as the kilns, a number of pits from where the clay was dug are also detailed. When the map was revised in 1906 the brick kilns were described as “disused” although some buildings including a smithy remained. John Eglington of Kerdiston is listed in Kelly’s Directory of 1846 and 1853 as a brickmaker as is Freeman Eglington in 1865 and 1875. There is no such mention in later directories and it is assumed that brickmaking ceased here towards the end of that century. Nothing remains today but if you look carefully, you can find pieces of deep red brick in the ground around the kiln area. If you stand here and look eastwards towards Reepham, the field in front of you (Brick Kiln Pightle) shows severe undulations and �some very high banks, evidence of where the brick clay was dug for so many decades. Towards the end of the 1870s, Newland Villas, a row of houses in Station Road, were built by Arthur Collison, who was in business as a publican (the Black Lion public house) and a builder and he used bricks from a nearby site. Brickmaking had been carried out for many years on the area bounded by Cawston Road and New Road. In 1846 the two small fields here were named as Clamp Close (situated just north of The Crown public house) and Brick Kiln Close (the area today on which the houses in New Road are being built). Brickmaking was carried out here although it suffered certain difficulties in 1881 when the line of the new railway was laid directly through the site. It seems that Arthur Collison bought the area of land between the new railway line and Cawston Road and during the late 1880s he built a new and large kiln at the eastern end bounded by Orchard Lane. Collisons were able to utilise the clay resources on this site to produce the bricks which during the 1920s and 30s built most of the houses that stand today on Cawston Road, Wood Dalling Road and Laburnam Grove (an area originally called Mountfield Estate) and the houses on New Road built for the former St Faiths and Aylsham Rural District Council. Reginald Rudd who lives in Richmond Rise remembers working in the brickyard during the 1930s when he was apprenticed to Collison Bros.: “The brickyard was entered from the Cawston Road near the junction with Orchard Lane. It was a triangular-shaped site and it ran along the railway line at the back of the houses on the south of the Cawston Road.” When the houses were first built, they had relatively small gardens but with the closure of the brickyard the gardens were extended over the old site and down to the railway line. Today nothing remains; the site is now entirely covered by houses and the pits from where the clay was dug have long been filled in and grassed over. Even the pit which gave the site a continuous supply of water has completely disappeared. The pit from where the clay was dug was situated al the bottom near the railway line; digging clay was a hard task but made easier by having a bucket of water standing nearby; this was used to wet the spade each time before it was put into the clay. The clay slipped off easier with the spade wet but it was very different if the spade was dry; the clay would stick and each shovelful had to be scraped off. The clay was then taken to a large tank about 10 feet in diameter, known as a pugging mill; here it was mixed with water piped up from a nearby pit. The tank had a central spindle into which was fixed a bar; this extended across the top of the tank and five downward spikes were fitted to each side of the bar. It resembled a large, spiked comb. A donkey or pony was harnessed up to the spindle and then walked �round and round the tank so that the spikes thoroughly mixed the clay and water. Initially this was hard work for the animal but it became easier as the water was worked into the clay and a thick paste created. A great deal of energy was needed to pound and pummel the clay to the required consistency; it is difficult to believe that before horsepower was used this task was carried out manually – hard work indeed! Towards the end of the brickyard life the pugging mill was replaced by a crusher which was driven by a little petrol engine. It mixed the clay thoroughly and was also able to crush the stone and other impurities which previously had to be removed by hand. While this process was faster than using a donkey or pony it was not so reliable and would often break down. When the clay had been thoroughly mixed into an almost plastic state the excess water was drained off (back into the pit from where it first came), the large stones would be removed and the wet clay would be dug out and barrowed up to the brickmaker. He would rake a double handful of wet clay and throw it into a mould, the clay would be tamped down, the top skimmed off and the wet brick shape turned out into a nearby barrow. The mould was always placed onto a small wooden pad which had the letter “C” moulded onto it and this letter would be impressed into the clay when the brick was turned out. The secret of achieving a good shape was to accurately throw an adequate amount of clay with the right force, if this happened air pockets would not form and the clay would properly fill the mould. The clay bricks would then be moved to the drying shed where they were carefully stacked. This long, narrow shed had a flat roof, slightly sloped to let the rain run off and with old sacks hanging down the sides to give further protection to the outside bricks against excessive wet. The elements, particularly the wind and sun, would then partially dry them out; this process would vary depending upon the time of year and it could take several weeks. The bricks were then barrowed into the kiln and stacked from the outer edge working into the centre. The kiln was a long semi-circular brick building built partly under ground level, with doorways at either end. It was constructed with an inner oven area where the bricks were placed and an outer brick skin which contained a lower level where the fires burned. The fire level was reached from the outside by a number of openings at the ground level which allowed the coal to be shovelled downwards directly onto the fire. The smoke and heat went upwards over the curved inner area and out through a number of top outlets. When the kiln had been filled the entrances would be sealed up using clay and old bricks, then the fires would be lit. �The temperature and time needed to fire bricks in a kiln was a bit rough and ready by the standards of today but these brickmakers acquired a skill in controlling the required temperature and were able to raise the fire to something like 1000°C and then to hold it for the required period. If the correct temperature was not achieved or maintained it would mean a wide range of quality in the bricks fired and could result in a high proportion of “throw outs”. If the heat was built up too quickly the clay would dry out too soon and the bricks would crack. This particular kiln seems in Mr Rudd’s recollection to have been soundly built to a specific design and the firing of bricks had a high degree of success. The kiln would be fired three or four times a year and each firing would produce about 5,000 bricks There was one person permanently employed to run the site although when extra help was required other men from Collisons would be brought in and sometimes up to six would be employed on the site. The house on Cawston Road known as “Crows Nest” was built for the brickmaker. When Harry Collison was told that the first brickmaker to live here was going to be a Mr Rook, he said, “well the house must be called Crows Nest“ − and so it was. The last brickmaker for Collisons was Alan Jeffries who continued living here after the brickmaking ceased. Once the kiln had been lit the brickmaker would be responsible for bringing the fire up to temperature and keeping it going until the bricks had been baked. He would build the fire up gradually until a heat haze could be seen coming out of the top outlets; this showed the heat was going through all the kiln. He would then keep the fires going until the baking process was completed. This would take three to four weeks and during this period he would also be making more wet bricks ready for the next firing. When it was adjudged that the bricks had been fired, the fires were left to die down and the kiln allowed to cool. It would take about a week for the fire to go completely out and a further 10 days or so for the kiln to cool down. The entrances would be knocked down and the bricks removed. They were very hot when taken out and it was hard work which required a thick pair of gloves; once outside the bricks would quickly cool. The empty kiln would be checked in case any repairs were necessary to the structure and when ready the next lot of bricks would be barrowed in and the process started again. There was a considerable colour difference in the bricks: those nearest the fire were burnt almost black with the colour changing to a light red for the bricks stacked in the centre of the kiln. The black bricks were very hard and if knocked would shatter into pieces whereas the light red bricks were soft and could be easily cut and shaped with a bricklayer’s trowel. �During the 1940s the clay on the site had been worked out and Collisons were buying in clay from Cawston. The brickmaking process was very labour intensive, with the clay having to be bought, and with competition from the increasing availability of cheaper bricks transported from the Bedford and Peterborough brickfields it was no longer a paying proposition and the yard was closed. The brickyard was in use for some 60 years and when it closed it finished a manufacture that had been carried out in Reepham for hundreds of years. All traces of these brickyards and their kilns have gone but their legacy remains in the houses and other buildings that we regard as such an essential part of the character of Reepham. Own individual character. �Bricks, pantiles and weatherboarding. The O.S. map of 1886 shows the area in Kerdiston which had been used for at least 200 years; it closed down at the end of the 19th century. �The second map shows the Cawston Road area from just before the Second World War; all the houses were built from bricks made at Collisons brickyard (marked on the map as “Kiln Chy.”). Kilns were originally situated in the field just to the northeast of the Crown Public House – bricks made and fired here were used to build Newland Villas in Station Road. A typical Collison Brick – made in tens of thousands during a period of more than fifty years – were used to build many houses in Reepham, most notably around Cawston Road. This area was originally called Mountfield Estate. �One of the houses situated along Reepham Moor; while architectural details dating from the sixteenth century can be seen at Moor Farm later details of interest from both the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries can be seen in a number of later properties. Close inspection in some areas of brickwork will show the common English and Flemish brick bonds and the later stretcher bond which was normally used when the structure included a cavity wall. Other less common brick bonds are also to be found here. Ordinary bricks were used for decoration, usually this was achieved by creating patterns in profile or by the bricklayer integrating different types of bonding. Decoration by using coloured bricks is not noticeable. Decoration on the end of buildings was often achieved in the chimney breasts or more particularly on the gable ends. The Dutch gable is often considered as a highlight of the bricklayer’s craft, while a number of good examples can be found in the nearby villages of Cawston and Foulsham; they do not appear to exist in Reepham. Different size bricks can often be found in older buildings; until the end of the eighteenth century most bricks were made two inches deep but the introduction of the brick tax in 1784 caused the size to increase with a three-inch brick becoming the common size thereafter. It is not uncommon to find bricks larger than the three-inch size; it usually depended upon the personal size nominated by the local brickmaker. �Collison Bros. − Reepham Brickmakers and Builders. Left to right: Horace (Horry) Collison, Herbert (Witty) Witred, Stanley Alford and Harold Alford. From an article published in the Reepham Society Magazine 1994 � Text-digital Any text item for which there is no previously existing hard copy in the Archive. The text can be stored on CD, DVD, memory card, USB stick, on hard drive or 'cloud'. It may have been sent electronically to the Archive or it may be a text owned by someone else which we have scanned or photographed. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brickmaking in Reepham Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/2405031635 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource A4 PDF, 12 pages Description An account of the resource A history of brickmaking in the Reepham district, including the use of various building materials across Norfolk and the manufacture locally of bricks throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Written by Michael Black; scanned and edited by Geoff Fisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From an article published in the Reepham Society Magazine 1994 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Reepham Society Brick Kiln Farm brickmaking https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/71939c61f51b32745413349bf46ff737.pdf c2d3bb16827d2f481a1d2b21a6aaedb9 PDF Text Text The Moor House Glasshouse We are only too aware that even with an organisation like the Reepham Society it is often difficult to protect the buildings and general landscape of the Reepham area. Government initiatives gave us a local town plan which in turn produced a conservation area. This protected area includes much of Reepham but even with this level of protection it is still possible for structures that have stood as part of our heritage for so many years to disappear − often quickly and sometimes without reasonable opposition or protest. In recent years we have all lamented the loss of large areas like the original Ollands Estate or buildings like the barn on School Road or even the brick wall along Bar Lane. They could have been saved and the structures put to an alternative use; admittedly the wall along Bar Lane would have been expensive to repair and in parts to rebuild and some would argue that its costly retention would have been of little value, other than aesthetic to future generations. However, if we can consider saving the wall at the southern end of Ollands Road then the Bar Lane wall should have merited a better fate than it ultimately received from the contractor’s bulldozer. The statutory planning controls and conditions that we have all had to consider or confront at some time or other, coupled with the media interest and subsequent regret often expressed when an old building is demolished, has given us a greater awareness of the need to retain our past, even if the structures saved have to be adapted to an alternative and more acceptable use to suit today’s requirements. In recent years Reepham has achieved more successes than failures in retaining buildings rather than condemning them to the labours of the demolition contractors �and much of this has been achieved by the local interest and desire in wanting to save buildings rather than lose them. The Reepham Society with its watchful reputation must take credit that the townscape we appreciate in Reepham today is there partly due to their effort. It was therefore to the relief of all interested parties a considerable triumph of common sense and a sense also of local history when it was announced that the Moor House was to remain. It was not going to ignominiously end up as a pile of rubble or that a plan of its grounds would end up on an architect’s drawing board so that a number of “desirable Tudorbethan residences” could be drawn in around the mature yet protected trees. Reepham already has a Moor House Close and many people would agree that we were not yet ready for a Moor House Park Estate also! The Moor House was to be retained and planning consent was given for a number of different uses. While one of these was for residential purposes it was unexpected but extremely acceptable when the house was bought with the purchaser’s intention of turning it into a family home – a decision which has now turned to fruition. It is even more gratifying to know that not just the house but the grounds and outbuildings also are receiving attention by the owners, and eventually it is hoped to return it all to the state in which it was originally built and subsequently enjoyed over 100 years ago. I’m sure many readers will have noticed and appreciated the labours of David Wright and Kirby Leonard, the owner’s son, which has brought such a dramatic change in the gardens and grounds around the house. Many hours have been spent in cutting, planting and mowing these areas, sometimes with a necessary ruthlessness and at other times with a required tenderness to ensure that a semblance of order and balance is returned to what was once an area of Victorian splendour set out in the formal and required manner of that age. To the north west of the house and behind the wall along New Road was the kitchen garden, an area of status and immaculateness that was the domain of the head gardener and his staff and which would have been ranked by Samuel Bircham and his family as one of the most important areas in the Moor House grounds. The walled kitchen garden is a form of gardening that was practised for many centuries, but it reached its zenith in Victorian times when there was a tremendous demand for this relatively small area to produce a wide range of fruit, vegetables, flowers and plants to meet the constant requirements of the house and its occupants. A continuous supply of vegetables for the dining table, fruit for dessert, flowers for decoration and pot plants for the house would be expected and it was the head gardener’s job to meet this and for all days of the year. �However, this legacy of Victorian splendour was time consuming and highly expensive in terms of labour. As social conditions changed during the earlier decades of this century it became an area of neglect, forgotten and unused by its later owners, a victim of 20th century changes and the mass yet cheap import of fruit and vegetables which had previously only been available to the landowner who had money to spend on heated glasshouses and a large gardening staff. The fruit and vegetable garden at the Moor House became like so many others an item of the past and because it was untended it slowly returned to a natural state. This particular garden however was destined for a revival. The brick boundary wall along New Road reaches 18’ in height along its southern end; this was purposely built as it was to form the back wall of the carriage house and the stable block which in turn stood next to the large kitchen garden glasshouse. The precise and orderly Victorian thinking deemed that the glasshouse would face directly south overlooking the garden which would in turn be situated next to the ample and continuous supplies of manure generated by the horses stabled next door. Many people in Reepham were aware of this large glass building and most could recall that within their memory it had always been in a sorry state. Some, and it is not very many, could remember it from the pre-War days of the 1930s when it was last commercially used. The memory though of most people was of its broken guttering, of the smashed glass panes which had once so majestically covered the wooden frame and of the frame itself, now paintless and in many places rotten. The interior was choked with nettles, brambles and other weeds which along with the few remaining hybrid plants had grown rampant as they all struggled for light and survival. It had become a jungle of untamed growth and it seemed to epitomise the collective neglect and disinterest that had befallen the house and grounds. However, this garden, and the glasshouse in particular, is now part of a success story of which the owners must be justifiably proud and I’m sure they would like to share this with all those people in Reepham who have cares or feelings that something that could have so easily been forgotten has not just been saved but has been painstakingly, and I’ve no doubt expensively, restored to its original condition. There were many reasons for the popularity of glasshouses with the Victorians but two in particular allowed this era to reach the zenith of its use. Prior to 1845 glasshouses had been common in the very large country houses where money to provide and support them had been no object to the rich landowner. In 1845 the removal of the glass tax meant that glasshouses and the general luxury of forced garden produce could be available to most houses of consequence in both town and country. Secondly, Thomas Rivers, a well-known Victorian nurseryman, came up with �the idea of “orchard houses” after experimentation in 1848 at his nursery. He found that he could grow peaches, nectarines and apricots with great success if he sheltered plants with a glazed roof and sides and allowed ventilation through openings which could be adjusted so as to maintain a constant temperature. This gave maximum protection to the fruit trees and it ensured the setting of fruit in spring and the thorough ripening of next year’s fruiting wood during the autumn. He wrote a pamphlet about this called “The Orchard House” which was so popular that it appeared as a book and this ran to many editions during the decades after 1850. It was said that the orchard or large glasshouse became so familiar and essential in a good Victorian garden that no other garden structure up to that time had ever advanced so quickly in popularity. Initially, the orchard house differed from its companion glasshouse as it was primarily to grow fruit in. However, it was soon found that a broad range of garden fruit and vegetables could be grown together and the Moor House glasshouse is a good example of a unit that was able to offer this double requirement. The high north wall allowed for trained fruit and the lower south area was ideal for a wide range of other fruit and vegetables which would grace the dining table. Up to the early/mid part of the 19th century there were only a small number of vegetables available for the country house table, and during the winter months the variety was very limited indeed. It was said that a turnip, cabbage or leek were often the winter mainstay although broccoli, cauliflower, peas, seakale and artichoke were becoming popular. As the century progressed, gardeners found that by forcing vegetables on hotbeds of fermenting manure, in forcing sheds, frames, terracotta pots or in warm glasshouses, they were able to offer a wider range of vegetables and fruit and for them to make an out-of-season appearance on the dining table. It was possible to provide fruit from heated glasshouses two months or more earlier than its normal season. A glasshouse the size of the one at the Moor House would have undoubtedly been fitted with a system of iron piping which would have been fed from a small outside boiler and the heat provided would in turn be used to force on the fruit and vegetables. The Moor House glasshouse presents us, however, with something of a conundrum because there is no evidence of a boiler house or any form of heating, other than natural sunlight, being provided. Ann Bircham, whose family owned the house, can recall the kitchen garden area during the 1920s but cannot recall the existence of any form of heating. The internal ironwork of the glasshouse is structured with a large open hole in each support, indicating that is was probably designed to take a heating pipe but for some unknown reason they were never installed. It was known that when Samuel Bircham built the house his wife was never happy to live here and in �consequence the time spent here was on a limited basis. Perhaps Samuel felt that the cost of installing a boiler and then running this for an irregular household use was an expense that could be avoided? It seems therefore that from the time it was built and until the tenancy of Ernest Hudson (1903−1931), the glasshouse was used in a fairly formal gardening way but was still able to provide a wide range of fruit such as peaches, nectarines, figs, early vegetables for the winter table, summer salads including tomatoes and cucumbers and no doubt melons, a particular Victorian favourite. Gooseberries, raspberries and currants could also be potted up and brought on in such a house. When Ernest Hudson rented the Moor House in 1903, he introduced a more regular use to the glasshouse − he turned it into a commercial peach house. The house provided a cool shelter to several peach trees which would have been trained to fan shapes. This meant that in January the dead wood (which had borne fruit the previous season) would be cut off and the young shoots formed the last summer would be tied-in to wires which were nailed into the north wall. This pruning and tying-in would have been carried out to a high standard; if not, the work would be undone and would be painstakingly re-tied to the head gardener’s satisfaction. The peaches that were grown were picked and sent for sale to Covent Garden in London; during the earlier part of this century fresh semi-exotic fruit commanded good prices and there was little competition from the Mediterranean countries. The fruit would be picked one or two days in advance and laid out to dry so that the skin would lose the effects of humidity which would have built up in the glasshouse. The peaches would then be wrapped in tissue paper or in a thin layer of cotton wool, and the wrapped peaches were then placed in boxes (which usually held twelve fruit) and these small boxes would be stacked into returnable fruit hampers. After the fruit had been firmly yet securely packed it would be taken to Reepham Station and from here start its journey to London. It arrived after only a few hours and would enable the fruit picked in Reepham to arrive perfectly ripe and ready for immediate dinner table consumption. When Ernest Hudson died in 1931 the house remained empty for a number of years until it was used for military purposes during the Second World War. In these few years up to 1940 the Bircham family retained the services of a gardener who continued to work and look after the kitchen garden and the glasshouse. It is fair to say that from the War onwards the use of the glasshouse declined and it subsequently fell into the state of dilapidation that became familiar for so many years to those people using New Road. Care and expense though has now been lavished on the glasshouse and today it resembles closely the state in which it would have been seen over 100 years ago; but �what efforts it has taken. More than 1,500 panes of glass were purchased and installed; considerable carpentry time has been spent on repairing and replacing the damaged woodwork, particularly the lower opening window frames. All the original Victorian ironwork supports have been retained although they were in good need of cleaning and repainting. The structure, however, proved to be remarkably sound and what is seen today is all original. Even the hand pump on the eastern end has been restored to working order. There is an underground tank at this end which collects rainwater from the glass roof; the tank is not overlarge for such a building of this size and David Wright feels that in some long-past hot summer the tank would almost certainly have been completely emptied. There is one other feature from the past that remains in the building − a large vine. This is one plant that has withstood all the natural turmoil and upheaval of the past 50 years. Hopefully, this year it will produce a harvest of grapes, the first for many years to come. Ann Bircham can recall the vine being here in the 1920s; vines were a favourite with the Victorians so is it feasible that here is a survivor from the plants installed by Samuel Bircham’s gardeners so long ago. The glasshouse today is a wonderful structure, the triumph of a desire to return a useful and well-built example from the Victorian age back to a pristine state and for the building to be used once more for its original purpose. While we, the readers, are probably content with our 10’x6’ or 12’x8’ greenhouses, bought in an easily erectable state, we can offer nothing but admiration for a project that has seen the rebuilding of a glass structure 100’x18’x18’. Now that their labours have achieved such a success let us hope that those instrumental in this project will have many years “fruitful” pleasure from it. From an article published in the Reepham Society Magazine 1994 �Photos: The Moor House glasshouse, 1993 � Text-digital Any text item for which there is no previously existing hard copy in the Archive. The text can be stored on CD, DVD, memory card, USB stick, on hard drive or 'cloud'. It may have been sent electronically to the Archive or it may be a text owned by someone else which we have scanned or photographed. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Moor House Glasshouse Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/2405101010 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource A4 PDF, 7 pages Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1994 Description An account of the resource History and 1990s refurbishment of the Moor House glasshouse and gardens. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Written by Michael Black; scanned and edited by Geoff Fisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From an article published in the Reepham Society Magazine 1994 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Reepham Society Bircham gardening glasshouse Moor House https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/37e8f79919af71432fd5bb3aa8bf4b43.pdf be52511ac13e3c60add9f8903b32c75e PDF Text Text Reepham Shopping Week Reepham Shopping Week was held in June 1950. It was originally planned as the Reepham Shopping Days and these were scheduled for June 14th, 15th and 16th, but the overall event was predetermined a success and events took place throughout the whole week. It was planned by members of the newly formed Reepham and District Chamber of Trade and Commerce and the Shopping Week Committee was chaired by Mr S. Curtis. The purpose of the week was not for the individual gain of a few tradespeople but was intended for the benefit of the town of Reepham as a whole. It was hoped at the time that this would be the first of many such occasions which would advertise Reepham as a shopping centre and by degrees to increase the overall prosperity of the town. Further Shopping Weeks with varied success were held in the following years. The success of the first one in 1950 assisted the parish council the following year in deciding that they would not support the festivities for the Festival of Britain but would offer their support instead to the Reepham Shopping Week. The prospect of the new decade of the 1950s meant so much to the people at that time; the previous decade had contained the dark years of war and the period of post-war austerity. This had now passed (even though some rationing was to continue until 1954) and the transition from war to peace by the Labour government elected with a landslide victory in 1945 had in a few years achieved conspicuous success and the hopes of the people were that this trend would continue. Memories were still very clear in recollecting the harshness �and deprivation of the war and the post-war discomfort when in 1947 the heavy snowfalls and extreme cold gripped the country for several weeks, giving the worst winter in living memory. For so many years the basic foods and other household items had been unobtainable or rationed, simple pleasures became luxuries and routine travel had been tedious and time consuming. These times of deprivation and inconvenience, which would be forever associated with the 1940s had however passed and 1950 was seen as a cornerstone. A decade viewed with hope and optimism and people were convinced that the worst was over and social conditions and life generally could only get better. In 1950 Reepham was very much a local centre for the surrounding area. Agriculture was probably the largest overall employer and farm life was still greatly dictated by the walking pace of the carthorse. Reepham was a focal point for the rural population who lived within a walking or cycling distance and a large number of people regularly made their way into the town for most if not all of their shopping needs. A trip to Norwich was an irregular or perhaps even an annual visit and this for most people could only be made by train and not by car; transport for most people was by bicycle or else they had to walk. Larger orders placed with the local shops would be delivered by the shopkeeper’s van or by a delivery boy on his tradebike. Bacon rashers were freshly sliced by hand for each customer, sugar was scooped out of a drawer by means of a handled measure and was weighed into thick, dark blue paper bags and thick rinded cheese was sliced by hand. Shopping was a necessity that for many women formed a regular part of their daily routine; meat safes were essential and refrigerators were a luxury. Stabilisers and preservatives in food were yet to be introduced and if you wanted to keep food for any length of time it had to be bottled, pickled or preserved at home. The vegetable patch formed an indispensable part of every household and chickens and rabbits were kept for their ultimate value as a pie filling. Much of the area had not been connected to the electricity supply and nor was mains water fully available. The flush toilet was still considered a luxury and for many the alternative was a little hut at the bottom of the garden, serviced on a weekly basis by the horse-drawn “night cart”. Everybody knew exactly who everyone was, mechanised farming and household conveniences were unheard of, the abundance of vehicles on the roads had yet to appear and J. Sainsbury was a town grocer indistinguishable from thousands of others. The turn of the year in 1950 signified hope and everyone was determined that this summer event would bring pleasure and profit and would be repeated in future years. The first part of this hope indeed came true, as the local press reported after the week was over “it was a thoroughly sound job that has been well done”. Whether or not it brought in the continued material success that the local traders hoped for was uncertain at the time but the fact remained that the occasion brought a large number of people into the town to enjoy the events and Reepham was placed well and truly on the map. The programme of events started on the Tuesday with the Grand Eve of Opening Dance which was held in the Reepham Band Hall when Gerald Amies and his orchestra played from �8 pm to 1 am. During the interval, the result of the ballot for “Miss Reepham” was announced. It had been agreed that Miss Reepham could be any lady above the age of 18 from within a radius of five miles and Miss Daphne Barrow was elected by the vote of the audience. The following day saw the highlight of the “week”, the grand parade on the Wednesday afternoon of Light, Heavy, Riding and Saddle Horses and Vehicles, which came from many local farms and trades and a gathering at the same time of the North Norfolk Harriers. This parade congregated in the Market Place and despite some adverse weather a large number of people watched as the turnout was judged and the various rosettes and other prizes were distributed. It was previously announced that two “mystery persons” (a lady and a gentleman) would tour the main streets between 2 and 3 pm and if they were successfully challenged by someone who was also able to produce a Shopping Week programme, they could claim a prize of 10/-. Miss Peggy Miller was the only person to successfully challenge and she secured the prize. In the evening, the massed bands of Fakenham Town, Cawston and Reepham played in the Market Place from 7.30 – 9 pm and this was followed by an open-air dance with the music being provided by Mr Bird’s radiogram. From the early morning bustle of the weekly livestock market to the enjoyment of the late evening dancing the whole town participated in a level of enjoyment that had not been experienced for many years. On the following day, a mammoth whist drive with 35 tables was held at the Band Hall. Mr H. Gibbons acted as master of ceremonies; there was a first prize of three guineas and the event was greatly appreciated by the many people who attended and particularly by those who went home with a prize. Friday evening was an exceptionally busy time with many people coming into the town for the knock-out bowls competition and a darts contest. The bowls was organised by Mr C. Plume and played on the Sun Inn and Kings Arm’s bowling greens with the winners Messrs. A. Carman, H. Bell and H. F. Laskey winning by nine shots to three. The darts competition was organised by Mr G. Bunn and this attracted more than 300 entries. The finals were played at the George and Dragon with winners coming from Cawston, Lenwade, Plumstead as well as Reepham. Miss Reepham with her attendants, Miss Joy Jones and Miss Jean Tubby, presented the prizes. The “Week” was an unqualified success, it brought many people into the town and while this may not have raised a sustained level of trade for the local shopkeepers it certainly achieved its objectives in the short term. A opportunity was derived which allowed the local tradespeople to fully display their merchandise and their efforts were initially rewarded. The committee responsible for the organisation were rewarded too with the knowledge that a good job had been thoroughly well done and the foundation was laid for a similar successful event to be held the following year. �From an article published in the Reepham Society Magazine 1996 � Text-digital Any text item for which there is no previously existing hard copy in the Archive. The text can be stored on CD, DVD, memory card, USB stick, on hard drive or 'cloud'. It may have been sent electronically to the Archive or it may be a text owned by someone else which we have scanned or photographed. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Reepham Shopping Week Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/2408141140 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource A4 PDF, 4 pages Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 1950 Description An account of the resource An account of Reepham Shopping Week, organised by the Reepham & District Chamber of Trade & Commerce in June 1950 and in subsequent years. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Written by Michael Black; scanned and edited by Geoff Fisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From an article published in the Reepham Society Magazine 1996 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Reepham Society https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/da79bad5bdc60e6076d98670de61736d.pdf 991e70ad251263b2961cb0cae502ae6d PDF Text Text Reepham’s Eight Bells For many years, the six bells in the tower of St Michael’s were rung with affection, led by the tower captain, Walter Ford, with his trusty band of ringers including Fred Laskey and his brother. As time passed bell ringers fell away, and the bells rang with less regularity. The ambitious decision was taken by those left to upgrade the bell tower from six to eight bells and, to coincide with the Queen’s jubilee year, a fund was set up to raise money to buy two new bells to be hung at the treble end (smaller bells) to accomplish this task. In winter 1977, ropes, hammers and saws were pressed into service; the tower was attacked with gusto. Down came the six bells; each one had to be lowered on ropes to the ground. There they were loaded onto a lorry provided by John Stimpson with a loader provided by Randall’s and dispatched to London to be re-tuned by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry. Out came the old oak framework that had supported the bells for so many years. The tower was now measured with great accuracy by Fred Laskey and local architect Mr Tether, and dimensions sent off to Arthur Fidler in Cornwall for the construction of a new steel frame in two tiers, which would be built into the tower’s three-feet-thick walls, 10 feet lower than the original. In due course the new frame was delivered and was fitted into the tower like a glove. The re-tuned bells were returned from Whitechapel and hauled back up to the top of the tower to be lovingly re-hung on their new bearings. Thus, the Reepham Six rung once again, having been sorely missed. The two new bells took a little longer but arrived some two years later when they were proudly hung in their place within the frame: Reepham had a ring of eight bells. After much hard work, but with great pride, Fred Laskey now rang on eight, as he had done in Salle, his birthplace, nearly 60 years before. Fred still rings regularly, still looks after “his bells” with loving care and we meet on Monday nights at 7.30 pm to practice at Reepham’s excellent bell tower. Technical St Michael’s, Whitwell Northern Branch, Northern Diocese Eight bells Tenor Wt. 8-3-22, Diam. 36" S. Davey From an article published in The Reepham Magazine, Winter 1987 � Text-digital Any text item for which there is no previously existing hard copy in the Archive. The text can be stored on CD, DVD, memory card, USB stick, on hard drive or 'cloud'. It may have been sent electronically to the Archive or it may be a text owned by someone else which we have scanned or photographed. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Reepham's Eight Bells Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/2502191945 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource A4 PDF, 1 page Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977 Description An account of the resource An account of the restoration of the bells in the bell tower of St Michael's Reepham in 1977, including increasing the number of bells from six to eight. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Written by S. Davey; scanned and edited by Geoff Fisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From an article published in The Reepham Magazine, Winter 1987 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Reepham Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available M-Tec Computer Services bells Laskey St Michael's https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/06917ffe4d404bd0b39ed4b6b73226e6.jpg 44212e8c62e6b8e1a9cbe777a02c17f1 Photograph-digital Any photograph for which there is no previously existing hard copy in the Archive. The photograph can be stored on CD, DVD, memory card, USB stick, on hard drive or 'cloud'. It may have been sent electronically to the Archive or it may be a photograph owned by someone else which we have scanned or photographed. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601101840 Title A name given to the resource Alford Family Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Early 1900s Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 514 Hardiment Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Early 1900s Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital Families & Businesses/Alford [File 6, Archive Box 106] Families & Businesses/Pells [File 6] Description An account of the resource The Alford family outside Lodge Cottage (now demolished) in Robin's Lane, Reepham, also referred to as Back Lane and Bar Lane. On reverse of Reepham Society copy of this photograph: <br /><br />Matthew Pells, 1824-1912, married Sarah Howard in 1845<br />Martha Alford, (nee Pells), 1848-1899 <br />William Matthew Alford, 1874-1955, Postman<br />Alfred William Alford born 3 December 1893 emigrated to Canada on 18 March 1914<br /><br />Photo taken approximately 1900 in Back Lane. Alford postman Robins Lane https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/6a4e6822e52812829016184a086d5dd3.pdf 6765375d668d4b4be5e812aaaadc938f PDF Text Text Reepham Archive Item Record IDENTIFIER (Reference Code) TITLE (Title) GB/REE/1512201423 CREATOR (Name of Creator) Not known DATE (Date(s)) ITEM TYPE 1880 FORMAT (Extent & medium of the item) Paper, 413mm x 253mm COVERAGE (Scope and content) 1880, Hackford TAGS (Finding Aids) Holley, Leamon, Hackford, 1880 Notes Identifier: Title: Creator: Date: Format: Coverage: Tags: Manor of Hackford Hall, Absolute surrender: Miss E A Holley and W H Holley Esq to Mr Arthur Leamon Text - Handwritten Large Legal Documents Always use the format: yymmddhhminmin Use existing title. If none, give short title defining subject & content that makes sense on its own. Name of individual or organisation that created the item. Add the identifier for the file/series/sub-fonds to which the item belongs. eg. GB/REE/RS/Gibbs/Pers. Date the item was created. If date not known allocate a period, eg 1920s. If it’s an estimate add (EST). In Box (1) state medium, the colour(s) and the metric size, the number of parts and any distinctive features such as damage, repairs or labels. In Box (2) state the location in the Archive, including box/binder number where appropriate. The dates, period & location in the item Key words, dates, names & file/box number. When complete, add identifier to item and place form ready for data input. �Date 4 1880 Manor of Hackford Hall Miss E A Holley and W H Holley Esq to Mr Arthur Leamon copy Draft Absolute Surrender examined with original S Foster 22 Oct 1880 Manor of Hackford Hall Whereas by Statutory proceedings taken out of Court for this Manor on the 13th day of May 1880 Eliza Anne Holley 1CNR of Hackford next Reepham in the County of Norfolk but now of Brandeston in the same County & Windham Hunt Holley of Oakhampton in the County of Devon Esq were after the death & under or by virtue of the Will & a Codicil thereto of Edward Holley late of Hackford next Reepham 1CNR Clerk formerly a Copyhold tenant of this Manor duly admitted tenants to the Copyhold hereditas & previous holder of this Manor of which the said Edwd Holley died seised being (inter alia) the hereditas 1CNR surrendered. To hold to them the E A Holley & W H Holley their heirs exors & admon upon the trusts & according to the form & effect of the 2nd Will & Codicil of the Edwd Holley deced at the Will of the Lord & according to the custom of the Manor And whereas the Testator by the Codicil to the Will 1CNR & empowered the E A Holley & W H Holley to make sale & dispose of all or any part of the Real Estate of the Testator both freehold and copyhold (except the dwellinghouse occupied by him which he had given to his wife for her life and which was not to be sold until after her death, And the Testator declared that the receipt of the Trustees should be a good & sufficient discharge to any purchase or other person paying any money under any of the trusts therein contained And whereas the E A Holley & W H Holley lately contracted & agreed with Arthur Leamon of Whitwell Hall in the Coy of Norfolk Gentleman for the absolute sale to him of the hereditas & premises hereinafter mentioned at the price of £285. Now be it rememd that on the respective days mentd in the several captions hereunder written the said E A Holley & W H Holley came before us the several persons who have signed our respective names to such captions being (----) Deputy Stewards of the Manor for this turn and purpose only duly authorised in pursuance of a Covenant for that purpose contained in a certain Indenture or Deed of Covenant bearing date the (blank) day of (blank) 1880 made between the E A Holley & W H Holley of the one part & the said Arthur Leamon of the other part & in common of the sum of £285 sterling the purchase money for the Copyhold hereditas hereinafter mentioned to be surrendered the payment whereof is acknowledged by the Indenture & the receipt for the same endowed thereon They the E A Holley & W H Holley Did out of Court Surrender out of their & each of their hands into the hands of the Lord of the Manor by the hands of the respective Deputy Stewards of the Manor by the 1CNR �according to the custom of the Manor. All those 10 perches of land be the same more or less with a messuage in 3 1CNR in which Martin Barrett John Gray & William Bishop formerly dwelt & a Blacksmiths Shop. 1CNR & other buildings standing & being thereon many years once in the occupation of Luke Parfield afterwards of Seymour Jewell & once of the Martin Barrett situate lying & being in Hackford next Reepham and next the Queens Highway called the Back Street towds the South & East next buildings & premises belonging to the parish of Hackford next Reepham also many years since occupied as a Workhouse towards the north & land & premises formerly belonging to Peter 5CNR Williams deed late of the Edward Holley deed & now of the same A. Leamon towards the West with the rights, liberties & appurtenances thereto belonging as the same are now in the occupation of Samuel King & his under tenant. To which premises the Edward Holley deed was admitted tenant at a Court held for the said Manor on the 31st day of Decm 1838 under a Bargain & Sale from the Exors of Luke Parfield deced And the revon & revons, remainder & remainders of the said surrendered hereditas & premises. And all the Estate right, title and interest whatsoever of them the said E A Holley & W H Holley of in to or out of the said hereditament and premises. To the of the said Arthur Leamon his heirs and assigns for ever absolutely according to custom of the said Manor. This Surrender was passed by the above named Eliza Anna Holley & taken & accepted by me on the (blank) day of (blank) 1880. Deputy Steward as a paid In the presence of (blank) This Surrender was passed by the above named Windham Hunt Holley & taken & accepted by me on the (blank) day of (blank) 1880. Deputy Steward as a paid In the presence of (blank) ������ Text-handwritten Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1512201423 Title A name given to the resource Absolute surrender of Hackford Hall Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1880 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper 413 x 253mm Land, Property & Titles [File 8] Transcriptions [File 19] Large Documents Box Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1880 Hackford Hall Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society Description An account of the resource Absolute surrender of Hackford Hall by Eliza Ann Holley and Windham Hunt Holley Esq to Arthur Leamon. Transcription followed by copy of document. Tr. Ref. No. SH_001_INDE 1880s Hackford Hall Holley Leamon https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/343d9c4024e67321bc854c6c884bf906.jpg 23b8f93e45dd1f796288a07d6c4990a6 https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/2337bce6d804e21a30876944afebba19.pdf 9f44181fbb5ad0a811737979352a89fa PDF Text Text GB/REE/1601121222 Edward Gibbs jnr WWI Service Badges & Medal Records Army Ordnance Corps Cap badge (seen in the photograph) Medal Record Card 1920 Record of Medals � Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601121222 Title A name given to the resource Edward Gibbs (Jnr) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1914-1918 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph 178 x 126mm Families & Businesses/Gibbs [File 6, Archive Box 106] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914-1918 Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 522 Marjorie Gibbs Description An account of the resource Edward Gibbs in his Rover car (1910 6hp) while on leave during WWI. Second image shows the AOC cap badge,shoulder badge and medal records. Gibbs WWI https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/86459aa322594b8d502e318d301699db.jpg f802db7464b8bed82bf20285479e2680 Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601121303 Title A name given to the resource Gibbs Staff Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph 178 x 126mm Families & Businesses/Gibbs [File 6, Archive Box 106] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1947 Gibbs' premises, Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 521 Marjorie Gibbs Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947 Description An account of the resource Gibbs' Staff with delivery lorry L to R : Gordon Frankland, Ron Gibbs, Ernie Wilkinson, Terry Arthurton 1940s Arthurton Frankland Gibbs Wilkinson https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/499dc90ca44a364356e52471a6403d5f.jpg ceba5e96385272dc4360cd1607cefa44 Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601121323 Title A name given to the resource Ronald Gibbs Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1940s Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph 178 x 126mm Families & Businesses/Gibbs [File 6, Archive Box 106] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1940s Gibbs' premises, Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 517 Marjorie Gibbs Description An account of the resource Ronald Gibbs with delivery lorry, presumably in Gibbs' yard. Ronald was evacuated from London at the age of 8 and came to stay in Reepham with the Gibbs family. Edward Gibbs' wife Emma (whose maiden name was also Gibbs) was Ronald's great aunt. He left Reepham in 1949 to join the army, presumably on National Service and spent his later life in Surrey. 1940s Gibbs https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/3581a3eaf2f6df97efaef9d477ba6ac7.jpg ebcd973c0528afdf347adc8a66fd0228 Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601121336 Title A name given to the resource Stanley Watson, ?F L Hurn & Gordon Frankland Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920s Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph 178 x 126mm Families & Businesses/Gibbs [File 6, Archive Box 106] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1920s Gibbs' yard, Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 364 Description An account of the resource Stanley Watson, ?possibly F. Hurn & a young Gordon Frankland with horse & cart in Gibbs' yard Frankland Gibbs Hurn RL Calendar 2022 Watson https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/b33b62317d7c33876c46fa64c2693eee.jpg 784c48bb43650bebf417cfea6ce886ba Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601121408 Title A name given to the resource Stanley Watson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920s Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph 178 x 126mm Families & Businesses/Gibbs [File 6, Archive Box 106] Families & Businesses/Watson [File 6] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1920s Hall Road (Ollands Road), Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 353 RS Library Presentation Book No.31 Description An account of the resource Stanley Watson driving Gibbs' cart in Hall Road (now called Ollands Road). In the background is the old granary, later Wilkin Bros. property. Hall Road Ollands Road RL Calendar 2020 Watson https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/ab56efed45af7d34686f293d1dd3b5cb.jpg 60d20770a475575c48a6a22fa9db6bee Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601121443 Title A name given to the resource Reepham Pierrot Group Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1930s Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph 212 x 132mm Musical Groups [File 17] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1930s Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 394 Description An account of the resource Reepham Pierrot Group was formed from members of the church choir. L to R :- George Cocking, Mabel Utting, Nancy Geake , Olive Chapman, Donald Chapman, and Mrs Fred Gibbs (seated) 1930s Chapman Cocking Geake Gibbs pierrot Utting Varley https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/20fc09581ea596bf9ddb330d4b8bfb21.jpg 300d174286521a7dc261c3e059669cf0 Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601121548 Title A name given to the resource Reepham Pierrot Group Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1930s Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph 169 x 118mm Musical Groups [File 17] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1930s Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 515 Description An account of the resource Reepham Pierrot Group was formed from members of the church choir. L to R :- George Cocking, boot and shoe repairer Mabel Utting, butcher's daughter Olive Chapman Mrs Fred Gibbs, organist, draper & milliner, seated Nancy Geake, Rector's daughter Elsie Varley Donald K Chapman, Postmaster 1930s Chapman Cocking draper Geake Gibbs milliner pierrot postmaster shoemaker Utting Varley https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/3a9f22fa5daaaed58829f5b629f9f5e7.jpg 344021bbecdd71e4a9b3f6a8341862ed Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601121845 Title A name given to the resource Reepham Troupe of Black Diamonds Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 1910 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph 178 x 126mm + digital copy of a sepia postcard Musical Groups [File 17] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1910 Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 410 Description An account of the resource An outdoor concert to celebrate the recent accession to the throne of King George V in May 1910. Note the crowns in the top corners of the photograph. This was the first appearance of the newly formed group at a fete held in Dr. Perry's grounds at Eynsford House on Dereham Road. This photogaph was published in the Norfolk News in July 1910. 1910 Black Diamonds https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/f45f4e0137f868e319d6e1e484bb3a86.jpg 2e1e5346aecb125d0346db28722406b9 https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/c2d91436e28ebc87c0eb14411d78b2d6.jpg 1a70958639c79ef56ab4b35cbdd48020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601121936 Title A name given to the resource Programme of Entertainment by Reepham Troupe of Black Diamonds Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1911 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photocopy paper 210 x 212mm folded in half vertically Musical Groups [File 17] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Monday & Tuesday, Feb 27th & 28th, 1911 Hackford Old School, Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 405 Description An account of the resource Programme of musical entertainment based on a Minstrel Show, with H. C. Peck as the Interlocutor (Master of Ceremonies). The Black Diamonds Troupe also included a Tambo and a Bones (nicknames for the musicians who played the tambourine & the castanets), & a Stump Speech by the Interlocutor. John Wright, plumber, Edward Stimpson, coal merchant, & W.H.Allen, boot & shoe maker, all have adverts in the programme. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available C.H.Barnwell, Printer, Aylsham 1911 Austin Bartle Beaver Black Diamonds Cotteral Dixon Eglington Fisher Fitt Gibbs Graver Holah Hurn Juby Mole Peck Perry plumber shoemaker Storey Wasey Youngman https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/c933ed53dd7f2513421630097e4e4e53.jpg e99e054ae388682528d78cc2f8af14c2 Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601162153 Title A name given to the resource Benjamin Edmunds Wyand, and George Fisher Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Before 1913 Probably Reepham Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph Families & Businesses/W/Wyand [File 6, Archive Box 106] Families & Businesses/F/Fisher [File 6] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society Description An account of the resource The group includes :- George Fisher (in white jacket) Mr. Howe (probably) far right with hat in hand, Benjamin Edmunds Wyand - with a full beard and G.C. Clarke, Reepham, Veterinary Inspector Benjamin Edmunds Wyand of Mill Farm, Great Witchingham, (1844/5-1913). He is also described as 'Gentleman, Kerdistone, 1st County Council Member for Reepham 1889'. Member of Highways Acts Committee and Cattle Diseases Acts Committee. George Fisher was the proprietor of a grocery/drapery shop in Reepham Market Place. Fisher's Alley is named for the shop. Clarke Fisher Fishers Alley grocer Wyand https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/6a8fd1d79aafcc86b2a7df6f50b9714b.pdf 982cb354b0a7fc51e19cda63b073a1b2 PDF Text Text �� https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/906804e6f33b49a6584eb8582ee7280e.jpg 7fc100f9346be7546636473323244068 Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601162315 Title A name given to the resource Crowning of the May Queen Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1950s Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph 169 x 104mm Events [File 5, Archive Box 105]] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Reepham Rectory Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society 2014 WH 2022 Description An account of the resource <em>Reepham Society identifications:<br />Doorway :-</em> Broughton, Eileen Alford, David Bird<br /><em>Middle Row :-</em> Wendy &amp; Tessa Seely, Kathleen Middleton, Edith Pask, Sylvia Willimott, Diane Ewing the May Queen, Elizabeth Miller<br /><em>Front :-</em> Pamela Lowe, Olive Secker, Pamela McCarter <em>2022 Details given by Wendy Seely, who is in the photograph<br /><br /></em>The May Queen at The Rectory, Reepham, about 1950/1 <em>Doorway</em>: Clive, or Barry, Everett, Aileen Alford, David Bird. <br /><em>Middle Row</em> : Wendy &amp; Tessa Seely, Kathleen Middleton, Enid Pask, The May Queen, Sylvia Willimott, Ann Jarvis and Pamela Millar.<br /><em>Front Row</em>: Pamela Lowe, Olive Secker, Pamela McCarter 1950s Alford Bird Broughton Ewing Lowe McCarter Middleton Miller Pask RL Calendar 2023 Secker Seeley Willimott https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/f998044753939e339044a185d7b0c20c.jpg 174ead9d4abcd67f30e69b0f24641e9b Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601172123 Title A name given to the resource Dinner at Reepham Town Hall Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1950s Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource B&W photograph 207 x 167mm Events [File 5, Archive Box 105] Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Reepham Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society Description An account of the resource A formal dinner in Reepham Town Hall. Names of the diners and the occasion unknown. <em>Cold meat salad, roll, trifle, all ready on the tables.</em> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Eastern Daily Press Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource EDP 1950s EDP Town Hall https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/3df6b935e48051d2ef56e70f0495cb36.jpg 0ecb74f1259915390b8b82b3aae02e8f Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601181211 Title A name given to the resource Ben Stimpson with his brother George Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2000 (est) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Colour photograph 151 x 101mm Ring Box 2 Shelf 13 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2000s Reepham or Salle Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 720i https://reephamarchive.co.uk/omeka/files/original/36112071291dc255785be969a38bc569.jpg 2ada4317f07ac6cabaf7484fafca0250 Photograph-printed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GB/REE/1601181245 Title A name given to the resource Ben Stimpson & Margaret Stimpson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2000 (est) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Colour photograph 101 x 151mm Ring Box 2 Shelf 13 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2000s Reepham or Salle Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reepham Society RS Database 720j